The International Day was established by
UN General Assembly Resolution 68/32
in order to enhance ‘public awareness and education about the threat
posed to humanity by nuclear weapons and the necessity for their total
elimination, in order to mobilize international efforts towards
achieving the common goal of a nuclear-weapon-free world.’
The United Nations kicked off the first of numerous
events and actions around the world with a commemorative event at the Palais des Nations in Geneva on September 25. The event was organised by
UNFOLD ZERO, the Basel Peace Office and the
United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs, and was cosponsored by
OPANAL, the Permanent Missions of Indonesia, Kazakhstan and New Zealand, and nearly
100
non-governmental organisations and networks engaged in peace,
disarmament, human rights, environment, interfaith, democracy and
sustainable development.
Mr Michael Moller opening the UN Commemoration event
The
event was opened by Mr Michael Moller, Director-General of the United
Nations in Geneva. Mr Moller highlighted the importance of the day to
generate the political will required to eliminate nuclear weapons, and
thanked UNFOLD ZERO for mobilising civil society to engage with
governments for this purpose. He noted that the many times the world has
come close to nuclear holocaust indicate the vital importance of
nuclear disarmament.
‘So long as nuclear weapons remain, peace and
security will continue to be threatened… None of our speeches today will
illustrate this as well as the movie being previewed here today – ‘The Man Who Saved the World’ – which shows how close we can come to a nuclear catastrophe by accident or miscalculation.’
Following
his opening comments, Mr Moller was presented with joint statements
supporting the day by parliamentarians from the European Parliament,
Parliament of Japan and Parliament of the Republic of Korea. The
European Parliament statement was signed by parliamentarians from six of the seven political groups. The
Japanese and
Korean
statements were signed by parliamentarians from both government and
opposition parties. The Japanese parliament statement was also presented
to Ambassador Toshio Sano the Permanent Representative of Japan to the
UN in Geneva (See
Parliamentarians support Sep 26 through joint actions and social media).
Alyn Ware presents the parliamentary statements to Mr Moller and Ambassador Sano
Ms Kraatz-Wadsack, in a
substantive presentation for the event,
noted the vast gap between commitments made to nuclear abolition –
dating back from the very first resolution of the United Nations – and
actual progress to prohibit the weapons and eliminate the stockpiles.
She suggested that perhaps the States relying on nuclear weapons use the
word ‘disarm’ to refer to some indeterminate time in the future, citing
French Prime Minister Edouard Herriot who made a similar lament about
conventional disarmament in Geneva in 1932. She noted that in order to
prevent disaster arising from reliance on nuclear weapons, we have to
turn the word ‘disarm’ from future tense to present tense.
Ambassador Jorge Lomónaco,
Permanent Representative of Mexico to the UN, called for the start of
multilateral negotiations now on a nuclear weapons convention, package
of agreements or framework agreement, in order to prohibit nuclear
weapons and provide for their elimination. He also called for support
for the Mexican initiative to criminalise the use of nuclear weapons by
including such use as a war crime under the jurisdiction of the
International criminal Court.
Ambassador Lomónaco and Ms Kraatz-Wadsack
Ambassador Triyono Wibowo, Permanent Representative of Indonesia to the UN, highlighted the success of the
UN Open Ended Working Group
to explore and advance proposals for multilateral nuclear disarmament
negotiations, but lamented that most of the nuclear-armed States did not
participate. He thus noted the importance of the International Day for
the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons to increase the political
momentum generated by the
UN High level Meeting
at the UN on September 26, 2013. Civil society and media have an
important role, working with governments, to build political will.
Ambassador Mukhtar Tileuberdi,
Permanent Representative of Kazakhstan to the UN, reported on the
example of Kazakhstan which renounced the world’s fourth largest nuclear
arsenal – and whose security was in no way diminished by this decision.
'This shows that other nuclear-armed States could also renounce nuclear weapons without negative consequences on their security,' he said. Ambassador Tileuberdi highlighted some initiatives of Kazakhstan such as the
International Day Against Nuclear Tests, a draft Universal Declaration for a Nuclear-Weapon-Free World, and
the ATOM Project
which has generated nearly 100,000 signatures for their petition
against nuclear tests and for a nuclear weapon free world. The petition
will be presented to the leaders of the nuclear-armed States in the near
future.
Ambassador Tileuberdi and Ambassador Wibowo
Ms Anda Filip, Director of External Relations for the
Inter Parliamentary Union,
highlighted the important role that parliamentarians could and should
play in promoting, supporting and implementing nuclear disarmament
commitments. The Inter Parliamentary Union, with 164 member parliaments
including those of most of the nuclear-armed States, provides a suitable
forum for parliamentarians to discuss, deliberate and develop
cooperative approaches to achieve a nuclear-weapon-free world. IPU, with
the assistance of Parliamentarians for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and
Disarmament, has decided that this is a priority. It has held workshops,
produced briefing materials and adopted resolutions to guide
parliaments. These include a
landmark resolution adopted at the 130th IPU Assembly in March this year and an upcoming
workshop for parliamentarians on Oct 17 following the 131st IPU Assembly.
Mr Aaron Tovish, Campaign Director for
Mayors for Peace 2020 Vision Campaign,
spoke about the decision of the UN General Assembly to follow-up the
2013 High Level Meeting on Nuclear Disarmament with an even more
ambitious High Level Conference on Nuclear Disarmament to be held no
later than 2018. Mr Tovish noted that this conference could provide the
best opportunity to achieve concrete results – not just a review of
progress, not just a reaffirmation of commitments, but the adoption of
actual multilateral measures that will pave the way for comprehensive
nuclear disarmament. Mr Tovish noted that Mayors for Peace, numbering
over 6000 cities, was determined to make this high level conference a
success. ‘
Cities were not build up over the ages to be obliterated
in nuclear firestorms, nor to suffer the impacts of global famine from
the catastrophic climatic consequences of the use of just a small number
of these weapons.’
Mr Alyn Ware,
Global Coordinator of Parliamentarians for Nuclear Non-proliferation and
Disarmament and Co-founder of UNFOLD ZERO, reported on the widespread
support for the International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear
Weapons from civil society, evidenced by the co-sponsorship of this
commemoration event from organisations and networks engaged in peace,
disarmament, human rights, environment, interfaith, democracy and
sustainable development from around the world.
UNFOLD ZERO Sep 26 Global Action video
Mr Ware announced the
global public action which UNFOLD ZERO launched for September 26, videoing people around the world answering two simple questions –
How many nuclear weapons do you think are in the world? And
How many nuclear weapons do you think should be in the world? Mr Ware also announced the global premier of ‘The Man Who Saved the World’ (
click here
for the 6 minute preview), a documentary to be released at the
Woodstock Film Festival in October 2014 about an incident on Sep 26,
1983 in which we nearly had a nuclear weapons exchange through faulty
communications technology - a Soviet early warning system incorrectly
indicating a nuclear attack - during a time of high international
tension. (As if to prove his point, the technical equipment to show the
preview crashed as Mr Ware introduced the film and the preview was
unable to be shown).
Mariano Alvarez Wagner and Anda Filip
Mr Mariano Alvarez Wagner, First Secretary from the Permanent Mission of Argentina to the UN, presented a
statement
released for the International Day by the Organisation for the
Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean
(OPANAL). Mr Wagner highlighted the fact that a majority of States
have found their security without reliance on nuclear weapons, including
through the establishment of nuclear-weapon-free zones. He called for
negotiations for a universal agreement prohibiting nuclear weapons and
providing for their complete elimination. And he highlighted the UN
decision to hold a High Level Conference on Nuclear Disarmament no later
than 2018.
Alfred de Zayas
Alfred de Zayas, the
United Nations Independent Expert on the promotion of a democratic and equitable international order,
speaking from the floor, recalled the costs of military spending –
especially spending on nuclear weapons. He noted the win-win benefits of
reducing nuclear weapons spending to free up resources to support
conflict prevention, conflict resolution and sustainable development. Mr
Zayas stressed the importance of the
cases lodged in the International Court of Justice
against the nuclear-armed States by the Marshall Islands to move them
to enact their nuclear disarmament obligations. He quoted UN
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon ‘The world is over-armed while peace is
underfunded’, circulated a press release
UN expert urges less military spending, more investment in development, and affirmed that he would continue to raise this issue in his reports to the
UN Human Rights Council.
Ivor Fung and Gabrielle Kraatz-Wadsack
Mr Ivor Fung, Director of UNODA and the Chair of the event, closed the event with a
further call to cooperation
between governments, civil society and the United Nations to eliminate
nuclear weapons from the face of the Earth, which he said is not just a
noble goal but an obligation for guaranteeing meaningful international
peace and security. Mr Fung argued that security in the 21st century
should not be based on the threatened annihilation of generations of the
human species. He noted the importance of the International Day for the
Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons to build public awareness and
political will to ensure success. And he thanked UNFOLD ZERO for
bringing together the key constituencies in civil society with
governments and the UN to facilitate success.
This article was originally published by UNFOLD Zero: http://www.unfoldzero.org/disarm-must-be-present-tense-says-senior-un-rep-geneva
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